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BOC Sciences is committed to providing customers with the most comprehensive variety of isotope-labeled amino acids available. We provide products such as essential amino acids and derivatives, including lysine, phenylalanine, methionine, etc., as well as non-essential amino acids and derivatives, including tyrosine, alanine, serine, glutamic acid, etc.
L-Leucine-[13C6] is the labelled analogue of L-Leucine. Leucine is a non-glucogenic, essential amino acid. It is a branched-chain amino acid that is a structural component of proteins. Leucine positively influences insulin release to eliminate toxic sugars out of the blood.
What are Amino Acids?
Amino acids are organic compounds containing basic amino groups and acidic carboxyl groups and formed by replacing the hydrogen atoms of carboxylic acids with amino groups. Amino acids are important constituents of organisms, reserve irreplaceable biological functions, and play essential roles in metabolic cycles. In addition to being the basic building materials of proteins, amino acids can also be the precursors of many other biomolecules (such as cytosine, adenine, epinephrine, etc.). At the same time, amino acids are widely used in medicine, food, cosmetics, and other fields.
In the field of medicine: Amino acids are used as the raw materials for proteins, antibodies, and hormones synthesis; amino acids can be used as nutrients and metabolic modifiers and have antibacterial and analgesic effects.
In the field of food: Amino acids can be used as food preservatives, deodorants, coloring agents, sterilizers, additives, spices, etc.
In the field of cosmetics: Amino acids can be used as surfactants, hair conditioners, hair dyes, etc.
What are Isotope-labeled Amino Acids?
Isotope-labeled amino acids refer to the replacement of single or multiple atoms of the amino acid with isotopes, which can be radioactive isotopes or stable isotopes. Basically, isotope-labeled amino acids have identical structures and properties as non-labeled amino acids. The trends of isotopes-labeled amino acids can be observed by analytical methods such as mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance. Therefore, isotope-labeled amino acids serve as safe, effective, and convenient tracer tools for scientific research in medicine, biology, pharmacy, chemistry, etc.
In the field of medicine: Isotope-labeled amino acids can be used for the clinical diagnosis of various diseases. Labeled amino acids can be used as tracers to track the metabolic processes of amino acids and proteins in different physiological and pathological conditions, which allows the exploration of disease mechanism and effective ways to prevent and treat diseases.
In the field of biology: Isotope-labeled amino acids are used as starting materials to study the biosynthetic pathways and mechanisms of natural products in animals, plants, and microorganisms by analyzing the abundance of labeled elements in products.
In the field of pharmacy: Isotope-labeled amino acids are critical tools for the development of new drugs, and are used to determine the transfer, transformation, efficacy, mechanism of action, toxicity, and side effects of drugs in vivo.
In the field of chemistry: Isotope-labeled amino acids can be used as tracers to explore chemical reaction mechanisms and as raw materials for the synthesis of other labeled products, such as labeled polypeptides.
Antiviral drugs are available in a variety of dosage forms, such as oral liquid and solid dosage forms, parenteral formulations, ophthalmic, topical products for oral delivery, nasal/extra-nasal delivery, and pulmonary delivery. The selection of stable formulations ensures consistency in stability, hygroscopicity buccal delivery, nasal/intranasal delivery and pulmonary delivery. Scientists have been working on new formulations of antiviral drugs to improve the penetration.
BOC Sciences focuses on developing formulations that best fit the antiviral drug program. Our team is able to quickly and cost-effectively identify a stable, pharmacologically efficient dosage form for each formulation development project to ensure that it is optimal for the therapeutic indication and the intended route of administration.
Comprehensive Services
We ensure that pharmaceutical formulations of each antiviral drug are prepared and analyzed appropriately by following a standard formulation procedure. Our comprehensive antiviral drug formulation services include:
During the formulation development phase, we can evaluate the quality of different drug products in terms of stability, efficacy and processability. BOC Sciences supports different routes of administration, delivery systems and drug manufacturing technologies, including:
Suspensions (micro-suspensions and nano-suspensions)
Bottled active pharmaceutical ingredients
Micro-filling of active pharmaceutical ingredients
Dry mixing and pottingLiquid capsule filling
Spray drying
Dry/wet granulating and capsule filling/tableting
Direct tableting
Pouch filling
High Potent Formulation
BOC Sciences has decades of experience in the development of antiviral drug formulations, and our dedicated team has extended its expertise to include high potency active pharmaceutical ingredients (HPAPI).
Comprehensive high potency antiviral drug formulation capabilities
Determine the optimal safe handling of formulations based on occupational exposure limits
Antiviral drug formulation risk assessment
Formulation Types
Oral: Solutions, suspensions, emulsions, capsules
Diets
Parenteral
Inhalation
Radiolabeled
Topical
Bioaccumulation refers to the enrichment of chemicals in an organism. The uptake of substances occurs either through food (biomagnification) or directly from the abiotic environment (bioconcentration). Experimentally determined bioaccumulation factors are important factors in the risk assessment of chemical substance. For highly lipophilic chemicals (logP>5), bioconcentration studies are often difficult to perform. The poor water solubility of lipophilic substances makes it difficult to adjust stable test concentrations and, under certain conditions, may lead to inaccurate measurements of the test substances in the medium. The ultimate purpose of these studies is to determine the biomagnification factor (BMF). In recent years, the persistence of pesticides has been observed in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. The presence of pesticides in the environment leads to their entry into biological systems where they accumulate in organisms. Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of pesticides have led to lethal and sublethal effects in animals and humans. Therefore, the use of agrochemicals is already regulated and safety is ensured through testing, risk assessment and licensing.
BOC Sciences Agrochemical Bioaccumulation Testing Research
Assessing bioaccumulation plays a key role in understanding the risks posed by agrochemicals to the environment. Persistent chemicals can accumulate in aquatic organisms. At BOC Sciences, the test species include a variety of cold and warm water fish such as trout, bluegill and carp, as well as invertebrates such as oysters, aquatic worms and earthworms.
Agrochemical Biodegradation Testing
Bioaccumulation testing in fish
Aqueous bioaccumulation studies are conducted to assess the bioconcentration factor (BCF) of agrochemicals in fish. The BCF is calculated as the ratio of the concentration in the fish to the dissolved concentration in water at steady-state, or by the ratio of uptake and purification rate constants.
OECD 305: Aqueous and dietary exposure
OCSP 850.1730: Fish BCF
Bioaccumulation testing in sediment-dwelling benthic oligochaetes
We design this testing to assess the bioaccumulation of sediment-associated agrochemicals in endobenthic oligochaetes. Test organisms are exposed to chemicals through multiple uptake pathways, including direct ingestion of sediment, surface contact, and ingestion of pore water. The primary endpoints are bioaccumulation factor (BAF) and biota-sediment accumulation factor (BSAF).
OECD 315: Bioaccumulation in sediment-dwelling benthic oligochaetes
Bioaccumulation testing in terrestrial oligochaetes
Aiming to assess the bioaccumulation of agrochemicals in terrestrial oligochaetes, test organisms are exposed to soil dosed with the test chemicals, and oligochaetes and soil were collected and analyzed at intervals. The primary endpoints are a BAF and a biota-soil accumulation factor (BSAF).
OECD 317: Bioaccumulation in terrestrial oligochaetes
BOC Sciences Advantages
Highly specialized technical and analytical services for the worldwide registration and regulatory compliance of agrochemicals
Robust analytical testing programs that span from research and product development through the production process to final product
Relies on broad industrial experience, ensuring that all of our work meets the high standards expected by our clients
Our regulatory experts, toxicology consultants, scientists and inspectors will ensure that you receive maximum levels of guidance, testing and inspection you need.